PWM Audio Synthesis: How to Generate Sound and Voice in Embedded Systems Using Pulse Width Modulation
Aug 17, 2026 · 12 min read
A practical guide for embedded engineers on generating audio and voice using PWM. Learn why PWM frequency matters, how PWM acts as a low-cost DAC, the role of Nyquist theorem, filtering requirements, and real-world implementation on STM32, ESP32, and Arduino.
CPU Performance Metrics in Embedded Systems: MIPS, DMIPS, CoreMark, MHz, FLOPS, and What Actually Matters
Jun 27, 2026 · 18 min read
A practical engineer-friendly guide to CPU and MCU performance metrics in embedded systems. Learn what MHz, MIPS, DMIPS, CoreMark, CoreMark/MHz, and FLOPS really mean, when they help, when they mislead, and how to select the right processor for real workloads.
